According to current research, what role do genes play in intelligence?

Genes play a significant role in intelligence, but their influence is not isolated. Current research indicates that intelligence arises from a complex interplay between genetic factors and environmental influences. Genes can predispose individuals to certain cognitive abilities; however, experiences, education, social interactions, and opportunities also significantly shape and enhance these abilities.

This understanding enhances the concept of heritability in intelligence, which suggests that while there is a genetic component, the expression of intelligence is greatly affected by environmental conditions. For example, enriched environments can lead to better cognitive development, illustrating that genes and environment collaboratively contribute to the overall intelligence profile of an individual. Therefore, recognizing the dynamic interaction between genetics and environmental factors provides a more comprehensive understanding of how intelligence is developed and expressed.