Intellectual disability may manifest with various levels of capability. What term is used to describe the mild to severe spectrum of this condition?

The term "Intellectual disability" is specifically used to describe a range of conditions characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, which can manifest across mild to severe levels. This definition is supported by criteria established in diagnostic manuals, such as the DSM-5, which specifies that intellectual disability includes cognitive deficits and difficulties in daily functioning.

The spectrum nature of this condition emphasizes that individuals can have varying levels of capability, with some exhibiting only mild challenges while others may face more significant impairments. As such, "Intellectual disability" accurately encompasses this variability, making it the preferred term in both clinical and educational contexts.

The other options do not capture the breadth of this condition as effectively. "Mental deficiency" is an outdated term that lacks specificity. "Learning disorder" refers more specifically to difficulties in acquiring academic skills, and "cognitive impairment" is a broader phrase that can include various types of cognitive dysfunction, not strictly limited to intellectual functioning. Therefore, "Intellectual disability" is the most appropriate term to describe the mild to severe spectrum of this condition.