What are cultural biases in intelligence testing?

Cultural biases in intelligence testing refer to aspects of a test that favor one cultural group over others. This can occur through the language used in the test, the cultural references included in test items, or the context of the questions that may resonate more with individuals from one cultural background than another. Such biases can lead to unfair assessment of an individual's abilities, as tests may not accurately reflect the diverse experiences and knowledge of people from different cultural backgrounds.

For example, if an intelligence test contains questions that are based on experiences or knowledge specific to a particular culture, individuals from other cultures may find these questions confusing or irrelevant, which can negatively impact their scores. This highlights the importance of ensuring that intelligence tests are designed to be as culturally neutral as possible to provide a fair evaluation of an individual's cognitive abilities regardless of their cultural background.