What aspect does construct validity focus on in psychological assessments?

Construct validity is crucial in determining how well a psychological assessment measures a specific construct, which refers to defined traits or theoretical concepts. It goes beyond simply measuring surface-level traits to assess whether the assessment truly captures the underlying quality it claims to measure. For instance, if a test is designed to measure intelligence, construct validity checks whether the items on the test genuinely reflect aspects of intelligence according to established psychological theories.

This type of validity is essential because it ensures that the conclusions drawn from the assessment are meaningful and applicable. A test with strong construct validity would correlate well with other established measures of the same construct, support theoretical predictions, and help differentiate between different constructs effectively. Thus, option B accurately encapsulates the essence of construct validity in psychological assessments.