What is the purpose of norms in intelligence testing?

The purpose of norms in intelligence testing is primarily to determine the average performance of a group. Norms serve as a reference point that allows psychologists and educators to understand how an individual's score compares to the scores of a larger population. By establishing a baseline or average, norms help in interpreting test results, making it easier to identify whether an individual’s performance is above, below, or at the expected level relative to their peers.

This process is crucial for various applications, such as educational placements, diagnosis of cognitive impairments, and understanding overall cognitive development trends within a demographic. Norms are derived from a representative sample, ensuring they reflect the diversity of the broader population, which enhances the validity of the intelligence test.