Who proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence?

The triarchic theory of intelligence was proposed by Robert Sternberg. This theory suggests that intelligence is composed of three distinct types: analytical, creative, and practical.

Analytical intelligence refers to the ability to solve problems and make decisions, closely tied to academic tasks and traditional measures of IQ. Creative intelligence involves the capacity to deal with novel situations and generate innovative solutions. Practical intelligence relates to the ability to adapt to everyday life and solve real-world problems effectively.

Sternberg's framework emphasizes that intelligence is not a single, static trait but rather a collection of abilities that can be developed and applied in various contexts. By introducing this multifaceted perspective, Sternberg challenged the traditional views of intelligence that often focus solely on analytical skills measured through standardized testing.

In contrast, other theorists like Howard Gardner focused on multiple intelligences without structuring them into the triarchic framework. Daniel Goleman is associated with emotional intelligence, which looks at the emotional aspects of human capabilities. Jean Piaget's work primarily concerns cognitive development rather than an overarching theory of intelligence itself.